Why These Skills Matter?

 

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is the backbone of modern Telco communications, powering voice, video, and multimedia services over IP networks. Understanding SIP operations and associated security risks is critical because misconfigurations or vulnerabilities can lead to service disruptions, toll fraud, eavesdropping, and regulatory non-compliance..

 

Entry requirements

At least 3 years of cyber security experience

Min. 1 year of work experience in telecommunication

Been through T1-1 and T1-2 course in CyberXCenter, knowing the basic fundamentals of Telecommunication network

 

 

SIP powers modern Telco communications, and any misstep can lead to fraud, service disruption, or data breaches. Mastering SIP security equips professionals to protect networks, safeguard revenue, and ensure reliable, secure communications in today’s 5G and cloud-enabled Telco environments..

 

 

COURSE DURATION:

3 days of Instructor-led training

 

EXPECTATION AFTER THE TRAINING

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• After completing this course, participants will be able to:

• Understand and Analyze SIP Protocols: Comprehend SIP architecture, message types, and call flows, including standard and non-standard scenarios.

• Identify and Mitigate Security Threats: Detect vulnerabilities such as registration hijacking, toll fraud, and call spoofing, and implement effective mitigation strategies.

• Secure Telco SIP Deployments: Apply best practices for authentication, encryption, firewall/SBC configurations, and secure call handling.

• Monitor and Respond to SIP Events: Use tools to capture and analyze SIP traffic, detect anomalies, and respond to incidents effectively.

• Apply Knowledge to Real-World Scenarios: Confidently manage SIP-enabled networks in 5G, cloud, or enterprise environments while minimizing operational and security risks..

 

 

 

WHAT WILL BE COVERED IN THE COURSE:

 

• 1. SIP Protocol Fundamentals

• Objectives: Learn the architecture, message types, and signaling flow.

• SIP architecture (User Agent, Proxy, Registrar, Gateways)

• SIP messages: INVITE, ACK, BYE, OPTIONS, REGISTER

• SIP headers and payload

• SIP transaction and dialog concepts

 

2. UE Registration / Deregistration

• Objective: Understand how User Equipment (UE) interacts with the SIP network for registration, authentication, and deregistration, and learn to secure this critical entry point.

• REGISTER request/response mechanism

• Authentication with SIP Digest (username, realm, nonce)

• Expiration timers and re-registration

  • UE Deregistration:

  • Unregister requests

• Expired registrations and automatic removal from location service

• Security Considerations:

  • Preventing registration hijacking

  • Rate limiting and DoS protection on REGISTER requests

  • Logging and anomaly detection

• Hands-on Demo / Lab:

  • Capture REGISTER/401/200 OK flows using Wireshark

  • Simulate failed registration attempts and detect suspicious patterns

 

3. Standard Call Flow

• Objective: Understand the typical SIP call lifecycle, including call establishment, handling unanswered calls, and busy signals

• Basic SIP Call Flow

• Call teardown and release

• Handling Special Call Scenarios

• Call transfer and hold using REFER and NOTIFY messages

• Security Considerations:

  • Prevent SIP message spoofing during call setup

  • Securing signaling (TLS) and media (SRTP)

• Detecting abnormal call patterns or toll fraud

• Hands-on Demo / Lab:

  • Simulate normal call setup between two UEs

  • Capture call flow and analyze SIP headers

  • Simulate call busy/unanswered and observe SIP response codes

 

4. Non-Standard Call Flow

• Objective: Understand how SIP behaves under customized configurations or advanced features, which can introduce security risks if mismanaged.

• Call Forwarding / Conditional Forwarding:

• Configurations like unconditional forward, busy forward, no-answer forward

• SIP methods involved: INVITE, 302 Moved Temporarily, REFER

• Interaction with the location service and proxy

• Advanced Features:

  • Call hold/resume (re-INVITE, UPDATE)

  • Call transfer and attended transfer

  • Multi-party conferencing (SIP REFER and third-party call control)

• Security Considerations:

  • Misconfiguration risks leading to call hijacking or toll fraud

  • Exploitation of forwarded calls for eavesdropping

  • Logging and monitoring forwarded calls for unusual patterns

• Hands-on Demo / Lab:

  • Configure call forwarding in a test SIP server

  • Capture SIP messages and observe redirection flows

  • Simulate malicious forwarding attempts and analyze detection

 

5. Secure SIP Deployment Best Practices

• Objectives: Apply holistic security practices for Telco SIP networks.

• SIP server hardening and patch management

• Network segmentation & SBC placement

• Role-based access control (RBAC)

• Compliance with standards (3GPP, ITU, NIST)

• Continuous monitoring and periodic security audits